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Soon you’ll be hearing about a protein called S100B. This is a protein that can be detected in the urine of newborns that can indicate sign of brain damage.

S100B is an acidic calcium binding protein that is highly concentrated in the nervous system.  It is mainly found in the glial cells of the brain as well as in the neurons. The concentration of S100B in the cerebrospinal fluid, in the peripheral blood, and cord blood is increased as a result of brain damage in adults, infants, and fetuses. In preterm infants who developed intraventricular bleeding, S100B protein has been found to be high. It suggest that brain damaged has occured when S100B protein in the urine is detected.

When this new test is widely available, management of newborns with brain injury will be improved. At present there is no easy test that could indicate brain damage in the newborns.

Reference: Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, December 2003, page 1163

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