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Atypical Mycobacteria

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Answer to the four year old girl with lump at her left jaw:

                 Lymphadenitis from Atypical Mycobacteria

The surgeon excised a mass attached to the left submandibular salivary gland. The pathologist interpreted the tissues removed as: necrotizing granulomatous lympadenitis, suggestive of cat-scratch disease.

Six weeks later a positive culture for Mycobacterium avium from the excised tissue was reported.

Other causes lump or mass at the jaw or neck area are: Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, leukemia, histiocytosis, bacterial infection, Epstein-Burr virus, cytomegalovirus, mumps, and fungal infections.

PPD (Purified protein derivative) is the test for Mycobacterium.

Treatment of atypical Mycobacteria is rifampin, ethambutol, ethionamide, isoniazid, erythromycin, and aminoglycosides.

The four year old girl did well after the surgery.

Reference: Pediatrics In Review, June 1995, page 224

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Leo Leonidas, MD, FAAP, Assistant Clinical Professor in Pediatrics, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston; Attending Pediatrician, Eastern Maine Medical Center, Bangor, Maine.

 

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