Air Leaks from Lungs

Diagnosis

Diagnosis




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			Air Leak from the Lungs (Pneumothorax) Leo Leonidas MD, FAAP WARNING, WARNING, WARNING; This section is for my Tufts University medical students. If you are a "worrier" type or a very anxious parent, please talk to your clinician about your child's problem or symptoms, rather than reading this differential diagnosis. CAUSES OF PNEUMOTHORAX, PNEUMOMEDIASTINUM, AND SUBCUTANEOUS EMPHYSEMA Difficulty in breathing, chest pain, or swelling of the neck are some of the signs of Pneumothorax, Pneumomediastinum, or Subcutaneous emphysema. These conditions are a result of air leak from the lungs or trachea, a serious condition. Here are several causes of air leak from the Lung. AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION Bronchial Occlusion Foreign Body Aspiration Space Occupying Lesion INFECTIONS Bacterial and Viral Pneumonia Laryngitis Penumocystis carinii pneumonia Retropharyngeal Abscess OBSTRUCTION LUNG DISEASE Asthma Bronchiolitis Bronchiolitis Obliterans Organizing Pneumonia Cystic Fibrosis Lung Emphysema IATROGENIC Adenoidectomy & Tonsillectomy Air-Abrasive devise Bronchoscopy Dental Procedures Heimlich Maneuver Mechanical Ventilation Surgery (abdominal, laparoscopic, thoracic, tracheostomy) TOXIC EFFECTS Inhaled Drug Abuse (cocaine, marijuana) Paraquat Intoxication Toxic Gas TRAUMA Barotrauma (diving, flying, nose-blowing) Oral trauma Blunt trauma to the Neck Chest injury Child Abuse VALSALVA'S MANEUVERS Coughing Defecation Postpartum Vomiting WEAKNESS OF TISSUE Anorexia Nervosa Bone Marrow Transplantation & Chemotherapy Dermatomyositis Diabetic Hyperpnea Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis Lymphangioleiomyomatosis Ulcertative Colitis IDIOPATHIC Reference: The Journal of Pediatrics, July 2002, page 116 Belly Pain Air Leaks From Lungs Acute Crying Back Pain Bed Wetting Big Lymph Node Big Spleen Blood in Urine Chronic Diarrhea Chest Pain Cough Coughing Up Blood Constipation Droopy Eye Enlarged Glands Eye Swelling Excessive Thrist Facial Paralysis Fainting Spell Feeding Problem GI Bleeding Headache Head Tilt Hives High ESR Hoarseness Joint Pain Limp Leg Pain Muscle Weakness Noisy Breathing Nose Bleeding Nose Obstruction Pyuria Recurrent Infection Red Green Urine Ringing in the Ears Scrotal Swelling Seizures Stiff Neck Swelling of the Parotic Gland Toe Walking Toeing In Toeing Out Unequal Pupils Vomiting Wheezing Leo Leonidas, MD, FAAP Assistant Clinical Professor in Pediatrics Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston Attending Pediatrician Eastern Maine Medical Center, Bangor Bangor, ME: First City with EBPP (Evidence Based Pediatrics for Parents) Website

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